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| a.
What is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity
Disorder? |
| b.
Is there a simple test to diagnose ADHD? |
| c.
I'm an adult; doesn't AD/HD only affect
children? |
| d.
The school says my child has AD/HD; now
what do I do? |
| e.
If my child has an IEP or gets special education,
does she have to be in a different classroom?
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| f.
What is LRE? |
| g.
My child started taking medication and has
developed tics. What do I do? |
| h.
ADD, AD/HD, hyperkinesis? It gets confusing,
doesn't it? |
| i.
Why the change? |
| If
my child has an IEP or gets special education,
does she have to be in a different classroom?
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No. If your child has an Individualized
Education Plan (IEP) or is receiving
special education services, it does
NOT automatically mean she will be
placed in a special education classroom.
IDEA has a Least Restrictive Environment
(LRE) clause, which states that children
should be educated in the least restrictive
environment that is still sufficient
to meet their academic needs. Therefore
if your child can learn in a regular
education classroom then that is where
the law says she should be placed.
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| What
is LRE? |
LRE, or Least Restrictive Environment, is
a term used to mandate that students with
disabilities are placed in special classes,
separate schools or positions other than
regular education classrooms only when the
nature or severity of the disability is
such that even with aids and services education
can not be achieved. The placement must
also allow the disabled student to be with
non-disabled peers to the greatest extent
possible.
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| My
child started taking medication and has
developed tics. What do I do? |
A relatively uncommon side effect of psychostimulant
medications is the unmasking of latent tics
-- the medical term for involuntary motor
movements, such as eye blinking, shrugging
and clearing of the throat. Psychostimulant
medications can facilitate the emergence
of a tic disorder in susceptible individuals.
Often, but not always, the tic will disappear
when the medication is stopped.
For
many youth with AD/HD, vocal tics (throat
clearing, sniffing, or coughing beyond
what is normal) or motor tics (blinking,
facial grimacing, shrugging, or head-turning)
will occur as a time-limited phenomenon.
The medications may bring them to notice
earlier, or make them more prominent than
they would be without medication, but
they often eventually go away, even while
the individual is still on medication.
Tourette's
syndrome is a chronic tic disorder that
involves vocal and motor tics. Experts
estimate that 7 percent of children with
AD/HD have tics or Tourette's syndrome
that is often mild but can have social
impact in the severe but rare form, while
60 percent of children with Tourette's
have AD/HD. Recent research suggests that
the development of Tourette's syndrome
in children with AD/HD is not related
to psychostimulant medication. However,
a cautious approach to treatment is recommended
when there is a family history of tics
or Tourette's syndrome, as certain patients
will experience worsening of their tics
with stimulant treatment.
|
| ADD,
AD/HD, hyperkinesis? It gets confusing,
doesn't it? |
AD/HD is a medical condition and the educational
staff of a school are not qualified to diagnose
AD/HD. If you or other adults in your child's
life (e.g. teachers, grandparents, other
caregivers) believe your child may have
symptoms of AD/HD, then you should consult
with your family doctor, your child's pediatrician,
or other licensed medical/mental health
professional who is trained in the diagnosis
and treatment of AD/HD (for more detailed
information on how a diagnosis is made,
see the section on Diagnosis & Treatment).
Teachers
and other school personnel can play an
important role by evaluating your child's
learning ability and determine educational
deficits. This information should be part
of the comprehensive evaluation done by
the medical/mental health professional.
|
| Why
the change? |
The American Psychiatric Association publishes
the official guidelines for naming and diagnosing
mental disorders. This book (called the
DSM, or "Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders") is regularly
updated as scientists learn more and more.
Research in the 1970s and 1980s began to
show there are different types of attention
deficit. Although they have major differences,
the types are more alike than different.
Doctors began to see that the different
types are all part of the same major condition.
In 1994, the DSM changed the name from ADD
(attention deficit disorder) to AD/HD because
of the advances in research. There are three
types of this one condition called AD/HD.
They are: inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive,
and combined.
Some
doctors and mental health professionals
still use the term ADD. If this is your
or your child's diagnosis, it most likely
means you or your child have the inattentive
type of AD/HD. This is not the child who
is "bouncing off the walls"
or "simply can't sit still."
Rather, it's the individual who seems
to be always daydreaming, is forgetful,
is easily distracted, is disorganized,
and just can't seem to pay attention.
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Source:
CHADD
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COPYRIGHT
© 2004 - 2010 TRAILS CENTER FOR CHILDREN
INC.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
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